Testamentary vs. Inter Vivos Trusts: What’s the Difference?

Trusts are powerful estate planning tools, but not all trusts function the same way. Two commonly used types are testamentary trusts and inter vivos trusts. While both are designed to manage and distribute assets, they differ significantly in how and when they take effect.

Understanding the distinction between these two trusts can help individuals and families choose the option that best aligns with their planning goals.

What Is a Testamentary Trust?

A testamentary trust is created through a will and only becomes effective after the person’s death. The trust instructions are written into the will, but the trust itself does not exist while the person is alive.

Because a testamentary trust is part of a will:

• The estate must go through probate

• The trust terms become part of the public record

• Court oversight is required before assets are transferred into the trust

Testamentary trusts are often used when parents want to:

• Delay distributions to minor children

• Control how assets are managed after death

• Provide structure for young or financially inexperienced beneficiaries

What Is an Inter Vivos Trust?

An inter vivos trust, often called a living trust, is created during a person’s lifetime. Assets can be transferred into the trust while the grantor is still alive, and the trust can begin operating immediately.

Inter vivos trusts are commonly used to:

• Avoid probate

• Maintain privacy

• Streamline asset distribution

• Provide continuity if incapacity occurs

Because these trusts exist during life, they can offer greater flexibility and efficiency in many estate plans.

👉 Related reading: What Is an Irrevocable Trust?
👉 Related reading: Do I Have to Be Rich to Create a Trust?

Key Differences Between Testamentary and Inter Vivos Trusts

Timing

• Testamentary trust: Created at death

• Inter vivos trust: Created during life

Probate

• Testamentary trust: Requires probate

• Inter vivos trust: Typically avoids probate

Privacy

• Testamentary trust: Public record

• Inter vivos trust: Private

Control During Life

• Testamentary trust: No control while alive

• Inter vivos trust: Can be managed and updated during life (depending on the type)

Which Trust Is Right for You?

The choice between a testamentary trust and an inter vivos trust depends on several factors, including:

• The size and complexity of your estate

• Your desire for privacy

• Whether you want the trust to operate during your lifetime

• The needs and ages of your beneficiaries

For some families, a testamentary trust may provide sufficient structure. For others, an inter vivos trust offers greater control and long-term benefits.

👉 Related reading: When Should You Update Your Estate Plan?

Trusts Work Best as Part of a Complete Estate Plan

Trusts should not be created in isolation. Whether testamentary or inter vivos, trusts are most effective when coordinated with:

• A will

• Durable powers of attorney

• Healthcare directives

Careful planning ensures that all documents work together to reflect your wishes and protect your loved ones.

Start Your Estate Plan With Confidence

Choosing the right type of trust is an important decision that can impact your family for years to come. Understanding your options is the first step.

Hyde Legal Group works with individuals and families to evaluate trust options and build estate plans that provide clarity, protection, and peace of mind.

👉 Schedule a consultation to discuss whether a testamentary or inter vivos trust is right for you.